Supervivencia y calidad de vida en pacientes ancianos en tratamiento renal conservador / Survival and quality of life in elderly patients in conservative management

Introducción: El tratamiento renal conservador (TRC) se ha convertido en una opción terapéutica en la enfermedad renal crónica avanzada en ancianos. Se sabe poco sobre la evolución pronóstica de estos pacientes en términos de supervivencia y calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS). Objetivo: Establecer variables predictivas de mortalidad y analizar la CVRS en los pacientes en TRC. Pacientes y métodos: Estudio de cohortes prospectivo. Se realizó una valoración de parámetros de función renal y evaluación geriátrica integral: análisis de comorbilidad, situación funcional, cognitiva, fragilidad, nutricional, social y CVRS. Resultados: Se evaluaron 82 pacientes, con una edad media de 84 años e importante pluripatología: el 56% tenía antecedentes de evento vascular y Charlson > 8. La tasa de mortalidad fue de 23/1.000 pacientes-mes, con un ritmo de mortalidad homogéneo a partir de los 6 meses. La supervivencia difirió significativamente si presentaban evento vascular previo (36,7 vs. 14,8; p = 0,028), Charlson ≥10 (42 vs. 17; p = 0,002), grado de dependencia (48,4 vs. 19; p = 0,002) y fragilidad (27 vs. 10; p = 0,05). Fueron predictores de mortalidad: eFG y proteinuria, presencia de evento vascular previo, comorbilidad de Charlson, parámetros de malnutrición-inflamación (albúmina y puntuación MNA), grado de dependencia, CVRS física y aumento de PTH. La presencia de evento vascular previo, comorbilidad, albúmina descendida y elevación de PTH fueron predictores independientes de mortalidad. La CVRS se mantuvo estable y no se produjo empeoramiento significativo durante el tratamiento. Conclusiones: El conocimiento de los factores asociados con mortalidad y la evaluación de la CVRS puede ser útil como herramienta en la toma de decisiones en TRC. La presencia de evento vascular previo, comorbilidad, albúmina disminuida y el aumento de PTH fueron predictores independientes de mortalidad

Introduction: Conservative Management (CM) has become a therapeutic option in Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in the elderly. However, there is a lack of evidence about prognosis of these patients in terms of survival and health related quality of life (HRQoL). Objective: Establish predictive variables associated with mortality and analyse HRQoL in CM patients. Patients and methods: Prospective cohort study. An assessment of renal function parameters and a comprehensive geriatric assessment were made, including: analysis of comorbidity, functional, cognitive, fragility, nutritional, social and HRQoL status. Results: 82 patients with a mean age of 84 years and significant pluripathology were studied: 56% had history of vascular event and Charlson > 8. The mortality rate was 23/1,000 patients per month, with a homogeneous mortality rate after 6 months. Survival differed significantly depending on whether they presented with a previous vascular event (36.7 vs. 14.8; p = 0.028), Charlson score ≥10 (42 vs. 17; p = 0.002), functional status (48.4 vs. 19; p = 0.002) and fragility (27 vs. 10; p = 0.05). Mortality predictors included eGFR and proteinuria, the presence of previous vascular events, Charlson comorbidity score, malnutrition-inflammation parameters (albumin and MNA score), degree of dependency, physical HRQoL and increase of PTH level. The presence of previous vascular event, comorbidity, decreased albumin and elevated PTH were independent predictors of mortality. HRQoL remained stable over time and no significant worsening occurred during treatment. Conclusions: Having knowledge of the factors associated with mortality and HRQoL assessment can be a useful tool to helping decision making during CM. Previous vascular events, comorbidity, decreased albumin and increased PTH were independent predictors of mortality

Survival and quality of life in elderly patients in conservative management. / Supervivencia y calidad de vida en pacientes ancianos en tratamiento renal conservador.

INTRODUCTION: Conservative Management (CM) has become a therapeutic option in Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in the elderly. However, there is a lack of evidence about prognosis of these patients in terms of survival and health related quality of life (HRQoL). OBJECTIVE: Establish predictive variables associated with mortality and analyse HRQoL in CM patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Prospective cohort study. An assessment of renal function parameters and a comprehensive geriatric assessment were made, including: analysis of comorbidity, functional, cognitive, fragility, nutritional, social and HRQoL status. RESULTS: 82 patients with a mean age of 84 years and significant pluripathology were studied: 56% had history of vascular event and Charlson >8. The mortality rate was 23/1,000 patients per month, with a homogeneous mortality rate after 6 months. Survival differed significantly depending on whether they presented with a previous vascular event (36.7 vs. 14.8; p=0.028), Charlson score ≥10 (42 vs. 17; p=0.002), functional status (48.4 vs. 19; p=0.002) and fragility (27 vs. 10; p=0.05). Mortality predictors included eGFR and proteinuria, the presence of previous vascular events, Charlson comorbidity score, malnutrition-inflammation parameters (albumin and MNA score), degree of dependency, physical HRQoL and increase of PTH level. The presence of previous vascular event, comorbidity, decreased albumin and elevated PTH were independent predictors of mortality. HRQoL remained stable over time and no significant worsening occurred during treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Having knowledge of the factors associated with mortality and HRQoL assessment can be a useful tool to helping decision making during CM. Previous vascular events, comorbidity, decreased albumin and increased PTH were independent predictors of mortality.